If you are searching to compress PNG images without losing quality using C# & ASP.NET then you have landed on the correct page, this article will show you code and working sample to reduce png file size in ASP.NET MVC using C# and nQuant, using this post which had nice explanation but was console application, so we will focus to convert it into MVC application step by step.
Step 1: Create a project in your Visual Studio(2017 in my example), by opening Visual Studio and clicking "File"-> "New"-> "Project"
Select MVC template to generate basic home controller and other details
Step 2: Create a class in Models folder with name "WuQuantizer.cs", and we will build histogram in this class, this class will be the heart of the project, which will decrease size of the png image
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Web;
namespace nQuantMVC.Models
{
public interface IWuQuantizer
{
Image QuantizeImage(Bitmap image);
}
public class WuQuantizer : IWuQuantizer
{
private const Int32 AlphaThreshold = 10;
private const int MaxColor = 256;
private const int Alpha = 3;
private const int Red = 2;
private const int Green = 1;
private const int Blue = 0;
private const int SideSize = 33;
private const int MaxSideIndex = 32;
private const byte BitDepth = 32;
public Image QuantizeImage(Bitmap image)
{
var colorCount = MaxColor;
var data = BuildHistogram(image);
data = CalculateMoments(data);
var cubes = SplitData(ref colorCount, data);
var palette = GetQuantizedPalette(colorCount, data, cubes);
return ProcessImagePixels(image, palette);
}
private static Bitmap ProcessImagePixels(Image sourceImage, QuantizedPalette palette)
{
var result = new Bitmap(sourceImage.Width, sourceImage.Height, PixelFormat.Format8bppIndexed);
var newPalette = result.Palette;
for (var index = 0; index < palette.Colors.Count; index++)
newPalette.Entries[index] = palette.Colors[index];
result.Palette = newPalette;
BitmapData targetData = null;
try
{
targetData = result.LockBits(Rectangle.FromLTRB(0, 0, result.Width, result.Height), ImageLockMode.WriteOnly, result.PixelFormat);
const byte targetBitDepth = 8;
var targetByteLength = targetData.Stride < 0 ? -targetData.Stride : targetData.Stride;
var targetByteCount = Math.Max(1, targetBitDepth >> 3);
var targetSize = targetByteLength * result.Height;
var targetOffset = 0;
var targetBuffer = new byte[targetSize];
var targetValue = new byte[targetByteCount];
var pixelIndex = 0;
for (var y = 0; y < result.Height; y++)
{
var targetIndex = 0;
for (var x = 0; x < result.Width; x++)
{
var targetIndexOffset = targetIndex >> 3;
targetValue[0] = (byte)(palette.PixelIndex[pixelIndex] == -1 ? palette.Colors.Count - 1 : palette.PixelIndex[pixelIndex]);
pixelIndex++;
for (var valueIndex = 0; valueIndex < targetByteCount; valueIndex++)
targetBuffer[targetOffset + valueIndex + targetIndexOffset] = targetValue[valueIndex];
targetIndex += targetBitDepth;
}
targetOffset += targetByteLength;
}
Marshal.Copy(targetBuffer, 0, targetData.Scan0, targetSize);
}
finally
{
if (targetData != null)
result.UnlockBits(targetData);
}
return result;
}
private static ColorData BuildHistogram(Bitmap sourceImage)
{
var data = sourceImage.LockBits(Rectangle.FromLTRB(0, 0, sourceImage.Width, sourceImage.Height),
ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, sourceImage.PixelFormat);
var colorData = new ColorData(MaxSideIndex);
try
{
var byteLength = data.Stride < 0 ? -data.Stride : data.Stride;
var byteCount = Math.Max(1, BitDepth >> 3);
var offset = 0;
var buffer = new Byte[byteLength * sourceImage.Height];
var value = new Byte[byteCount];
Marshal.Copy(data.Scan0, buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
for (var y = 0; y < sourceImage.Height; y++)
{
var index = 0;
for (var x = 0; x < sourceImage.Width; x++)
{
var indexOffset = index >> 3;
for (var valueIndex = 0; valueIndex < byteCount; valueIndex++)
value[valueIndex] = buffer[offset + valueIndex + indexOffset];
var indexAlpha = (byte)((value[Alpha] >> 3) + 1);
var indexRed = (byte)((value[Red] >> 3) + 1);
var indexGreen = (byte)((value[Green] >> 3) + 1);
var indexBlue = (byte)((value[Blue] >> 3) + 1);
if (value[Alpha] > AlphaThreshold)
{
if (value[Alpha] < 255)
{
var alpha = value[Alpha] + (value[Alpha] % 70);
value[Alpha] = (byte)(alpha > 255 ? 255 : alpha);
indexAlpha = (byte)((value[Alpha] >> 3) + 1);
}
colorData.Weights[indexAlpha, indexRed, indexGreen, indexBlue]++;
colorData.MomentsRed[indexAlpha, indexRed, indexGreen, indexBlue] += value[Red];
colorData.MomentsGreen[indexAlpha, indexRed, indexGreen, indexBlue] += value[Green];
colorData.MomentsBlue[indexAlpha, indexRed, indexGreen, indexBlue] += value[Blue];
colorData.MomentsAlpha[indexAlpha, indexRed, indexGreen, indexBlue] += value[Alpha];
colorData.Moments[indexAlpha, indexRed, indexGreen, indexBlue] += (value[Alpha] * value[Alpha]) +
(value[Red] * value[Red]) +
(value[Green] * value[Green]) +
(value[Blue] * value[Blue]);
}
colorData.QuantizedPixels.Add(BitConverter.ToInt32(new[] { indexAlpha, indexRed, indexGreen, indexBlue }, 0));
colorData.Pixels.Add(new Pixel(value[Alpha], value[Red], value[Green], value[Blue]));
index += BitDepth;
}
offset += byteLength;
}
}
finally
{
sourceImage.UnlockBits(data);
}
return colorData;
}
private static ColorData CalculateMoments(ColorData data)
{
for (var alphaIndex = 1; alphaIndex <= MaxSideIndex; ++alphaIndex)
{
var xarea = new long[SideSize, SideSize, SideSize];
var xareaAlpha = new long[SideSize, SideSize, SideSize];
var xareaRed = new long[SideSize, SideSize, SideSize];
var xareaGreen = new long[SideSize, SideSize, SideSize];
var xareaBlue = new long[SideSize, SideSize, SideSize];
var xarea2 = new float[SideSize, SideSize, SideSize];
for (var redIndex = 1; redIndex <= MaxSideIndex; ++redIndex)
{
var area = new long[SideSize];
var areaAlpha = new long[SideSize];
var areaRed = new long[SideSize];
var areaGreen = new long[SideSize];
var areaBlue = new long[SideSize];
var area2 = new float[SideSize];
for (var greenIndex = 1; greenIndex <= MaxSideIndex; ++greenIndex)
{
long line = 0;
long lineAlpha = 0;
long lineRed = 0;
long lineGreen = 0;
long lineBlue = 0;
var line2 = 0.0f;
for (var blueIndex = 1; blueIndex <= MaxSideIndex; ++blueIndex)
{
line += data.Weights[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
lineAlpha += data.MomentsAlpha[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
lineRed += data.MomentsRed[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
lineGreen += data.MomentsGreen[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
lineBlue += data.MomentsBlue[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
line2 += data.Moments[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
area[blueIndex] += line;
areaAlpha[blueIndex] += lineAlpha;
areaRed[blueIndex] += lineRed;
areaGreen[blueIndex] += lineGreen;
areaBlue[blueIndex] += lineBlue;
area2[blueIndex] += line2;
xarea[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = xarea[redIndex - 1, greenIndex, blueIndex] + area[blueIndex];
xareaAlpha[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = xareaAlpha[redIndex - 1, greenIndex, blueIndex] + areaAlpha[blueIndex];
xareaRed[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = xareaRed[redIndex - 1, greenIndex, blueIndex] + areaRed[blueIndex];
xareaGreen[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = xareaGreen[redIndex - 1, greenIndex, blueIndex] + areaGreen[blueIndex];
xareaBlue[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = xareaBlue[redIndex - 1, greenIndex, blueIndex] + areaBlue[blueIndex];
xarea2[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = xarea2[redIndex - 1, greenIndex, blueIndex] + area2[blueIndex];
data.Weights[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = data.Weights[alphaIndex - 1, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] + xarea[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
data.MomentsAlpha[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = data.MomentsAlpha[alphaIndex - 1, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] + xareaAlpha[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
data.MomentsRed[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = data.MomentsRed[alphaIndex - 1, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] + xareaRed[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
data.MomentsGreen[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = data.MomentsGreen[alphaIndex - 1, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] + xareaGreen[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
data.MomentsBlue[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = data.MomentsBlue[alphaIndex - 1, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] + xareaBlue[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
data.Moments[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = data.Moments[alphaIndex - 1, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] + xarea2[redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex];
}
}
}
}
return data;
}
private static long Top(Box cube, int direction, int position, long[,,,] moment)
{
switch (direction)
{
case Alpha:
return (moment[position, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[position, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[position, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[position, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum]) -
(moment[position, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[position, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[position, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[position, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum]);
case Red:
return (moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, position, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, position, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, position, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, position, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum]) -
(moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, position, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, position, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, position, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, position, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum]);
case Green:
return (moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, position, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, position, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, position, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, position, cube.BlueMaximum]) -
(moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, position, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, position, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, position, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, position, cube.BlueMinimum]);
case Blue:
return (moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, position] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, position] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, position] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, position]) -
(moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, position] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, position] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, position] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, position]);
default:
return 0;
}
}
private static long Bottom(Box cube, int direction, long[,,,] moment)
{
switch (direction)
{
case Alpha:
return (-moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum]) -
(-moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum]);
case Red:
return (-moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum]) -
(-moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum]);
case Green:
return (-moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum]) -
(-moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum]);
case Blue:
return (-moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum]) -
(-moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum]);
default:
return 0;
}
}
private static CubeCut Maximize(ColorData data, Box cube, int direction, byte first, byte last, long wholeAlpha, long wholeRed, long wholeGreen, long wholeBlue, long wholeWeight)
{
var bottomAlpha = Bottom(cube, direction, data.MomentsAlpha);
var bottomRed = Bottom(cube, direction, data.MomentsRed);
var bottomGreen = Bottom(cube, direction, data.MomentsGreen);
var bottomBlue = Bottom(cube, direction, data.MomentsBlue);
var bottomWeight = Bottom(cube, direction, data.Weights);
var result = 0.0f;
byte? cutPoint = null;
for (var position = first; position < last; ++position)
{
var halfAlpha = bottomAlpha + Top(cube, direction, position, data.MomentsAlpha);
var halfRed = bottomRed + Top(cube, direction, position, data.MomentsRed);
var halfGreen = bottomGreen + Top(cube, direction, position, data.MomentsGreen);
var halfBlue = bottomBlue + Top(cube, direction, position, data.MomentsBlue);
var halfWeight = bottomWeight + Top(cube, direction, position, data.Weights);
if (halfWeight == 0) continue;
var halfDistance = halfAlpha * halfAlpha + halfRed * halfRed + halfGreen * halfGreen + halfBlue * halfBlue;
var temp = halfDistance / halfWeight;
halfAlpha = wholeAlpha - halfAlpha;
halfRed = wholeRed - halfRed;
halfGreen = wholeGreen - halfGreen;
halfBlue = wholeBlue - halfBlue;
halfWeight = wholeWeight - halfWeight;
if (halfWeight != 0)
{
halfDistance = halfAlpha * halfAlpha + halfRed * halfRed + halfGreen * halfGreen + halfBlue * halfBlue;
temp += halfDistance / halfWeight;
if (temp > result)
{
result = temp;
cutPoint = position;
}
}
}
return new CubeCut(cutPoint, result);
}
private static bool Cut(ColorData data, ref Box first, ref Box second)
{
int direction;
var wholeAlpha = Volume(first, data.MomentsAlpha);
var wholeRed = Volume(first, data.MomentsRed);
var wholeGreen = Volume(first, data.MomentsGreen);
var wholeBlue = Volume(first, data.MomentsBlue);
var wholeWeight = Volume(first, data.Weights);
var maxAlpha = Maximize(data, first, Alpha, (byte)(first.AlphaMinimum + 1), first.AlphaMaximum, wholeAlpha, wholeRed, wholeGreen, wholeBlue, wholeWeight);
var maxRed = Maximize(data, first, Red, (byte)(first.RedMinimum + 1), first.RedMaximum, wholeAlpha, wholeRed, wholeGreen, wholeBlue, wholeWeight);
var maxGreen = Maximize(data, first, Green, (byte)(first.GreenMinimum + 1), first.GreenMaximum, wholeAlpha, wholeRed, wholeGreen, wholeBlue, wholeWeight);
var maxBlue = Maximize(data, first, Blue, (byte)(first.BlueMinimum + 1), first.BlueMaximum, wholeAlpha, wholeRed, wholeGreen, wholeBlue, wholeWeight);
if ((maxAlpha.Value >= maxRed.Value) && (maxAlpha.Value >= maxGreen.Value) && (maxAlpha.Value >= maxBlue.Value))
{
direction = Alpha;
if (maxAlpha.Position == null) return false;
}
else if ((maxRed.Value >= maxAlpha.Value) && (maxRed.Value >= maxGreen.Value) && (maxRed.Value >= maxBlue.Value))
direction = Red;
else
{
if ((maxGreen.Value >= maxAlpha.Value) && (maxGreen.Value >= maxRed.Value) && (maxGreen.Value >= maxBlue.Value))
direction = Green;
else
direction = Blue;
}
second.AlphaMaximum = first.AlphaMaximum;
second.RedMaximum = first.RedMaximum;
second.GreenMaximum = first.GreenMaximum;
second.BlueMaximum = first.BlueMaximum;
switch (direction)
{
case Alpha:
second.AlphaMinimum = first.AlphaMaximum = (byte)maxAlpha.Position;
second.RedMinimum = first.RedMinimum;
second.GreenMinimum = first.GreenMinimum;
second.BlueMinimum = first.BlueMinimum;
break;
case Red:
second.RedMinimum = first.RedMaximum = (byte)maxRed.Position;
second.AlphaMinimum = first.AlphaMinimum;
second.GreenMinimum = first.GreenMinimum;
second.BlueMinimum = first.BlueMinimum;
break;
case Green:
second.GreenMinimum = first.GreenMaximum = (byte)maxGreen.Position;
second.AlphaMinimum = first.AlphaMinimum;
second.RedMinimum = first.RedMinimum;
second.BlueMinimum = first.BlueMinimum;
break;
case Blue:
second.BlueMinimum = first.BlueMaximum = (byte)maxBlue.Position;
second.AlphaMinimum = first.AlphaMinimum;
second.RedMinimum = first.RedMinimum;
second.GreenMinimum = first.GreenMinimum;
break;
}
first.Size = (first.AlphaMaximum - first.AlphaMinimum) * (first.RedMaximum - first.RedMinimum) * (first.GreenMaximum - first.GreenMinimum) * (first.BlueMaximum - first.BlueMinimum);
second.Size = (second.AlphaMaximum - second.AlphaMinimum) * (second.RedMaximum - second.RedMinimum) * (second.GreenMaximum - second.GreenMinimum) * (second.BlueMaximum - second.BlueMinimum);
return true;
}
private static float CalculateVariance(ColorData data, Box cube)
{
float volumeAlpha = Volume(cube, data.MomentsAlpha);
float volumeRed = Volume(cube, data.MomentsRed);
float volumeGreen = Volume(cube, data.MomentsGreen);
float volumeBlue = Volume(cube, data.MomentsBlue);
float volumeMoment = VolumeFloat(cube, data.Moments);
float volumeWeight = Volume(cube, data.Weights);
float distance = volumeAlpha * volumeAlpha + volumeRed * volumeRed + volumeGreen * volumeGreen + volumeBlue * volumeBlue;
var result = volumeMoment - distance / volumeWeight;
return result.ToString() == "NaN" ? 0.0f : result;
}
private static long Volume(Box cube, long[,,,] moment)
{
return (moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum]) -
(moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum]);
}
private static float VolumeFloat(Box cube, float[,,,] moment)
{
return (moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMaximum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMaximum]) -
(moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMaximum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMaximum, cube.BlueMinimum] +
moment[cube.AlphaMaximum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum] -
moment[cube.AlphaMinimum, cube.RedMinimum, cube.GreenMinimum, cube.BlueMinimum]);
}
private static IList<Box> SplitData(ref int colorCount, ColorData data)
{
--colorCount;
var next = 0;
var volumeVariance = new float[MaxColor];
var cubes = new Box[MaxColor];
cubes[0].AlphaMaximum = MaxSideIndex;
cubes[0].RedMaximum = MaxSideIndex;
cubes[0].GreenMaximum = MaxSideIndex;
cubes[0].BlueMaximum = MaxSideIndex;
for (var cubeIndex = 1; cubeIndex < colorCount; ++cubeIndex)
{
if (Cut(data, ref cubes[next], ref cubes[cubeIndex]))
{
volumeVariance[next] = cubes[next].Size > 1 ? CalculateVariance(data, cubes[next]) : 0.0f;
volumeVariance[cubeIndex] = cubes[cubeIndex].Size > 1 ? CalculateVariance(data, cubes[cubeIndex]) : 0.0f;
}
else
{
volumeVariance[next] = 0.0f;
cubeIndex--;
}
next = 0;
var temp = volumeVariance[0];
for (var index = 1; index <= cubeIndex; ++index)
{
if (volumeVariance[index] <= temp) continue;
temp = volumeVariance[index];
next = index;
}
if (temp > 0.0) continue;
colorCount = cubeIndex + 1;
break;
}
return cubes.Take(colorCount).ToList();
}
private static LookupData BuildLookups(IEnumerable<Box> cubes, ColorData data)
{
var lookups = new LookupData(SideSize);
foreach (var cube in cubes)
{
for (var alphaIndex = (byte)(cube.AlphaMinimum + 1); alphaIndex <= cube.AlphaMaximum; ++alphaIndex)
{
for (var redIndex = (byte)(cube.RedMinimum + 1); redIndex <= cube.RedMaximum; ++redIndex)
{
for (var greenIndex = (byte)(cube.GreenMinimum + 1); greenIndex <= cube.GreenMaximum; ++greenIndex)
{
for (var blueIndex = (byte)(cube.BlueMinimum + 1); blueIndex <= cube.BlueMaximum; ++blueIndex)
lookups.Tags[alphaIndex, redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex] = lookups.Lookups.Count;
}
}
}
var weight = Volume(cube, data.Weights);
if (weight <= 0) continue;
var lookup = new Lookup
{
Alpha = (int)(Volume(cube, data.MomentsAlpha) / weight),
Red = (int)(Volume(cube, data.MomentsRed) / weight),
Green = (int)(Volume(cube, data.MomentsGreen) / weight),
Blue = (int)(Volume(cube, data.MomentsBlue) / weight)
};
lookups.Lookups.Add(lookup);
}
return lookups;
}
private static QuantizedPalette GetQuantizedPalette(int colorCount, ColorData data, IEnumerable<Box> cubes)
{
var imageSize = data.Pixels.Count;
var lookups = BuildLookups(cubes, data);
for (var index = 0; index < imageSize; ++index)
{
var indexParts = BitConverter.GetBytes(data.QuantizedPixels[index]);
data.QuantizedPixels[index] = lookups.Tags[indexParts[Alpha], indexParts[Red], indexParts[Green], indexParts[Blue]];
}
var alphas = new int[colorCount + 1];
var reds = new int[colorCount + 1];
var greens = new int[colorCount + 1];
var blues = new int[colorCount + 1];
var sums = new int[colorCount + 1];
var palette = new QuantizedPalette(imageSize);
var index2 = -1;
foreach (var pixel in data.Pixels)
{
palette.PixelIndex[++index2] = -1;
if (pixel.Alpha <= AlphaThreshold)
continue;
var match = data.QuantizedPixels[index2];
var bestMatch = match;
var bestDistance = 100000000;
var index = -1;
foreach (var lookup in lookups.Lookups)
{
++index;
var deltaAlpha = pixel.Alpha - lookup.Alpha;
var deltaRed = pixel.Red - lookup.Red;
var deltaGreen = pixel.Green - lookup.Green;
var deltaBlue = pixel.Blue - lookup.Blue;
var distance = deltaAlpha * deltaAlpha + deltaRed * deltaRed + deltaGreen * deltaGreen + deltaBlue * deltaBlue;
if (distance >= bestDistance) continue;
bestDistance = distance;
bestMatch = index;
}
alphas[bestMatch] += pixel.Alpha;
reds[bestMatch] += pixel.Red;
greens[bestMatch] += pixel.Green;
blues[bestMatch] += pixel.Blue;
sums[bestMatch]++;
palette.PixelIndex[index2] = bestMatch;
}
for (var paletteIndex = 0; paletteIndex < colorCount; paletteIndex++)
{
if (sums[paletteIndex] > 0)
{
alphas[paletteIndex] /= sums[paletteIndex];
reds[paletteIndex] /= sums[paletteIndex];
greens[paletteIndex] /= sums[paletteIndex];
blues[paletteIndex] /= sums[paletteIndex];
}
var color = Color.FromArgb(alphas[paletteIndex], reds[paletteIndex], greens[paletteIndex], blues[paletteIndex]);
palette.Colors.Add(color);
}
palette.Colors.Add(Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 0, 0));
return palette;
}
}
}Breif explanation of the above code is here
using BuildHistogram method, First, note that there are a few ways to iterate over the pixels of a bit map. Three that I can think of:
- The simplest but by far the most inefficient is to simply create a for loop for x and y and call GetPixel(x,y) which returns the color of that pixel.
- Use lockbits and unlock bits (as seen above) but with the difference of using pointers to iterate over the locked memory space of the image. This is much faster than technique number one but requires you to compile the code as unsafe.
- Use lockbits and unlock but use Marshal.Copy to feed the memory into a buffer.
Second, note that we drop the three rightmost bit of each color dimension.This reduces the granularity of the color maps produced in the next step, making it much faster, This allows us to create our clusters using color values from 1 to 32 instead of 256.
Using CalculateMoments in the end of the method you should have a set of multi dimensional arrays that cumulatively increase both vertically down each “line” (or most finely grained dimension – blue here) and across to the right from A to R to G to B. The very last value in the array should be the total sum of the original array.
Now you need to cluster data using SplitData, looking more details into it, follow the Cut method. Note that this is looking to build 256 clusters of the smallest possible variance. One interesting piece of code a bit deeper down that I would like to point out is the calculation to obtain the volume of each cube. This demonstrates how the cumulative array allows you to make this calculation without iterating each element in the array, Volume method isoriginal RBG method.
Now we generate the Final Palette using GetQuantizedPalette method, build the image using ProcessImagePixels.
Now add the more helper classes one by one, let's create the QuantizedPalette.cs and paste the below code
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
namespace nQuantMVC.Models
{
public class QuantizedPalette
{
public QuantizedPalette(int size)
{
Colors = new List<Color>();
PixelIndex = new int[size];
}
public IList<Color> Colors { get; private set; }
public int[] PixelIndex { get; private set; }
}
}Add Pixel.cs
namespace nQuantMVC.Models
{
public struct Pixel
{
public Pixel(byte alpha, byte red, byte green, byte blue) : this()
{
Alpha = alpha;
Red = red;
Green = green;
Blue = blue;
}
public byte Alpha { get; set; }
public byte Red { get; set; }
public byte Green { get; set; }
public byte Blue { get; set; }
}
}Create a Lookup.cs class
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace nQuantMVC.Models
{
public class Lookup
{
public int Alpha { get; set; }
public int Red { get; set; }
public int Green { get; set; }
public int Blue { get; set; }
}
public class LookupData
{
public LookupData(int granularity)
{
Lookups = new List<Lookup>();
Tags = new int[granularity, granularity, granularity, granularity];
}
public IList<Lookup> Lookups { get; private set; }
public int[,,,] Tags { get; private set; }
}
}CubeCut.cs
public struct CubeCut
{
public readonly byte? Position;
public readonly float Value;
public CubeCut(byte? cutPoint, float result)
{
Position = cutPoint;
Value = result;
}
}ColorData.cs
public class ColorData
{
public ColorData(int dataGranularity)
{
dataGranularity++;
Weights = new long[dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity];
MomentsAlpha = new long[dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity];
MomentsRed = new long[dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity];
MomentsGreen = new long[dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity];
MomentsBlue = new long[dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity];
Moments = new float[dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity, dataGranularity];
QuantizedPixels = new List<int>();
Pixels = new List<Pixel>();
}
public long[,,,] Weights { get; private set; }
public long[,,,] MomentsAlpha { get; private set; }
public long[,,,] MomentsRed { get; private set; }
public long[,,,] MomentsGreen { get; private set; }
public long[,,,] MomentsBlue { get; private set; }
public float[,,,] Moments { get; private set; }
public IList<int> QuantizedPixels { get; private set; }
public IList<Pixel> Pixels { get; private set; }
}Box.cs
namespace nQuantMVC.Models
{
public struct Box
{
public byte AlphaMinimum;
public byte AlphaMaximum;
public byte RedMinimum;
public byte RedMaximum;
public byte GreenMinimum;
public byte GreenMaximum;
public byte BlueMinimum;
public byte BlueMaximum;
public int Size;
}
}Step 3: Now we have the required classes and files for nQuant method to compress size of png images, so go to the HomeController and Index ActionMethod and add view for it with the following form code
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<h2>Upload Image</h2>
@if (ViewBag.Error != null)
{
<h4 style="color:red">@ViewBag.Error</h4>
}
@using (Html.BeginForm("Index", "Home", FormMethod.Post, new { enctype = "multipart/form-data" }))
{
<div>Upload Image</div>
<input type="file" name="avatar" />
<input type="submit" value="upload" />
}
</div>
</div>Step 4: Add the code to get image file and compress it in your HomeController
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Index(FormCollection formCollection)
{
foreach (string item in Request.Files)
{
HttpPostedFileBase file = Request.Files[item] as HttpPostedFileBase;
if (file.ContentLength == 0)
continue;
if (file.ContentLength > 0)
{
file.SaveAs(Server.MapPath("~/Images/")+file.FileName);
var sourcePath = Server.MapPath("~/Images/") + file.FileName;
var lastDot = sourcePath.LastIndexOf('.');
var targetPath = sourcePath.Insert(lastDot, "-min");
var quantizer = new WuQuantizer();
using (var bitmap = new Bitmap(sourcePath))
{
using (var quantized = quantizer.QuantizeImage(bitmap))
{
quantized.Save(targetPath, ImageFormat.Png);
}
}
}
}
return View();
}Create the "Images" folder in your project, also, where we will save image
Step 5: Build your project and run it on web browser, it will look like this
Now Select any .png file and upload it, you will see two file in the "Images" folder of your project, one which is original and other '-min'(minified) version of the image file like this, which would have reduced file size, for example as below screenshot
As you can see in the above image file size is reduced from 201 kb to 60.5 kb keeping the same quality of image.
You can also download the sample project.
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vikas_jk
"index out of bound message" Error was thrown because you are trying to access an array element which doesn't exist.
Sample project link is added, please download the sample project and check it, and modify the code according to your need, thanks.